Open-ended text generation with autoregressive language models (LMs) is one of the core tasks in natural language processing. However, maximization-based decoding methods (e.g., greedy/beam search) often lead to the degeneration problem, i.e., the generated text is unnatural and contains undesirable repetitions. Existing solutions to this problem either introduce randomness prone to incoherence or require a look-ahead mechanism that demands extra computational overhead. In this study, we formulate open-ended text generation from a new perspective, i.e., we view it as an exploration process within a directed graph. Thereby, we understand the phenomenon of degeneration as circular loops within the directed graph. Based on our formulation, we propose a novel decoding method -- \textit{momentum decoding} -- which encourages the LM to \textit{greedily} explore new nodes outside the current graph. Meanwhile, it also allows the LM to return to the existing nodes with a momentum downgraded by a pre-defined resistance function. We extensively test our approach on three benchmarks from different domains through automatic and human evaluations. The results show that momentum decoding performs comparably with the current state of the art while enjoying notably improved inference speed and computation FLOPs. Furthermore, we conduct a detailed analysis to reveal the merits and inner workings of our approach. Our codes and other related resources are publicly available at https://github.com/gmftbyGMFTBY/MomentumDecoding.

长期以来，Robotics一直是一个遍布复杂系统体系结构的领域，无论传统或基于学习的模块和联系都需要大量的人类专业知识和先验知识。受大型预训练语言模型的启发，这项工作引入了预先培训的通用表示范式，该范式可以作为给定机器人多个任务的起点。我们提出了感知性因果变压器（PACT），这是一种基于生成变压器的架构，旨在以自我监督的方式直接从机器人数据构建表示形式。通过对状态和行动的自动回归预测，我们的模型隐含地编码了特定机器人的动态和行为。我们的实验评估重点是移动药物的域，我们表明该机器人特定的表示可以作为单个起点，以实现不同的任务，例如安全导航，定位和映射。我们评估了两个形式：使用激光雷达传感器作为感知输入（MUSHR）的轮式机器人，以及使用第一人称RGB图像（栖息地）的模拟药物。我们表明，与训练单个模型的同时训练单个模型相比，对所有任务的单个模型进行训练，并且与独立培训单独的大型模型相当的性能，对每个任务的单个模型进行了可比的训练，则在较大的审计模型上进行了固定小型任务特异性网络，从而使性能明显提高。通过跨任务共享共同的优质表示，我们可以降低整体模型容量并加快此类系统的实时部署。

卡尔曼滤波器广泛用于对象跟踪，其中过程和测量噪声通常被认为是准确的已知和恒定的。然而，确切的已知和常量假设并不总是在实践中保持。例如，当LIDAR用于跟踪非合作目标时，在不同距离和天气条件下测量噪声不同。另外，过程噪声随对象的运动状态而变化，尤其是当跟踪对象是行人时，并且过程噪声更频繁地改变。本文提出了一种新的估计校正校正闭环估计方法，用于在线估算卡尔曼滤波器过程和测量噪声协方差矩阵。首先，我们将噪声协方差矩阵分解为元素分布矩阵和噪声强度，并改善Sage滤波器以估计元素分布矩阵。其次，我们提出了一种校准方法来准确地诊断噪声强度偏差。然后，我们提出了一种正确的方法来在线自适应地校正噪声强度。第三，在假设系统是可检测的情况下，在数学上证明了所提出的方法的无偏偏差和收敛。仿真结果证明了所提出的方法的有效性和可靠性。最后，我们将建议的方法应用于多对LIDAR的跟踪并在官方Kitti服务器上进行评估。在基提步行者多元object跟踪排行榜上提出的方法（http://www.cvlibs.net/datasets /kitti/eval_tracking.php）超越了使用激光雷达的所有现有方法，证明了在实际应用中的方法的可行性。这项工作提供了一种提高卡尔曼滤波器和多功能跟踪性能的新方法。

本文涉及由马尔可夫噪声驱动的随机近似的收敛和渐近统计：$$ \ theta_ {n + 1} = \ theta_n + \ alpha_ {n + 1} f（\ theta_n，\ phi_ {n + 1}）\， ，\ quad n \ ge 0，$$，其中每个$ \ theta_n \ in \ re ^ d $，$ \ {\ phi_n \} $是一般状态空间x上的马尔可夫链，静止分配$ \ pi $和$ f：\ re ^ d \ times \ text {x} \ to \ re ^ d $。除了在$ f $的标准lipschitz边界，以及消失的步骤大小序列$ \ {\ alpha_n \ \} $的条件外，假设相关ode是全局渐近稳定的静止点表示$ \ theta ^ * $ ，其中$ \ bar f（\ theta）= e [f（\ theta，\ phi）] $ with $ \ phi \ sim \ pi $。而且，ode @ $ \ infty $ virect with advoore字段，$$ \ bar f_ \ idty（\ theta）：= \ lim_ {r \ to \ infty} r ^ { - 1} \ bar f（r \ theta）\ ,, \ qquad \ theta \ in \ re ^ d，$$是渐近稳定的。主要贡献总结如下：（i）如果$ \ phi $是几何ergodic，则序列$ \ theta $是融合的，并且在$ f $兼容兼容的界限。剩余的结果是在马尔可夫链的更强大假设下建立：Donsker-varadhan Lyapunov漂移条件的稍微弱版本（DV3）。 （ii）为联合过程$ \ {\ theta_n，\ phi_n \} $构建Lyapunov函数，这意味着$ \ {\ theta_n \} $ in $ l_4 $的融合。 （iii）建立了功能性CLT，以及归一化误差$ z_n：=（\ theta_n- \ theta ^ *）/ \ sqrt {\ alpha_n} $的常规一维CLT。时刻界限结合了CLT暗示了归一化协方差的收敛，$$ \ lim_ {n \ to \ infty} e [z_n z_n ^ t] = \ sigma_ \ theta，$$在$ \ sigma_ \ theta $ where asbptotic协方差出现在CLT中。 （iv）提供了一个例子，其中马尔可夫链$ \ phi $是几何ergodic，但它不满足（dv3）。虽然算法收敛，但第二个时刻是无限的。

Model-based optimization methods and discriminative learning methods have been the two dominant strategies for solving various inverse problems in low-level vision. Typically, those two kinds of methods have their respective merits and drawbacks, e.g., model-based optimization methods are flexible for handling different inverse problems but are usually time-consuming with sophisticated priors for the purpose of good performance; in the meanwhile, discriminative learning methods have fast testing speed but their application range is greatly restricted by the specialized task. Recent works have revealed that, with the aid of variable splitting techniques, denoiser prior can be plugged in as a modular part of model-based optimization methods to solve other inverse problems (e.g., deblurring). Such an integration induces considerable advantage when the denoiser is obtained via discriminative learning. However, the study of integration with fast discriminative denoiser prior is still lacking. To this end, this paper aims to train a set of fast and effective CNN (convolutional neural network) denoisers and integrate them into model-based optimization method to solve other inverse problems. Experimental results demonstrate that the learned set of denoisers not only achieve promising Gaussian denoising results but also can be used as prior to deliver good performance for various low-level vision applications.

In this paper, we propose a robust 3D detector, named Cross Modal Transformer (CMT), for end-to-end 3D multi-modal detection. Without explicit view transformation, CMT takes the image and point clouds tokens as inputs and directly outputs accurate 3D bounding boxes. The spatial alignment of multi-modal tokens is performed implicitly, by encoding the 3D points into multi-modal features. The core design of CMT is quite simple while its performance is impressive. CMT obtains 73.0% NDS on nuScenes benchmark. Moreover, CMT has a strong robustness even if the LiDAR is missing. Code will be released at https://github.com/junjie18/CMT.

Dataset distillation has emerged as a prominent technique to improve data efficiency when training machine learning models. It encapsulates the knowledge from a large dataset into a smaller synthetic dataset. A model trained on this smaller distilled dataset can attain comparable performance to a model trained on the original training dataset. However, the existing dataset distillation techniques mainly aim at achieving the best trade-off between resource usage efficiency and model utility. The security risks stemming from them have not been explored. This study performs the first backdoor attack against the models trained on the data distilled by dataset distillation models in the image domain. Concretely, we inject triggers into the synthetic data during the distillation procedure rather than during the model training stage, where all previous attacks are performed. We propose two types of backdoor attacks, namely NAIVEATTACK and DOORPING. NAIVEATTACK simply adds triggers to the raw data at the initial distillation phase, while DOORPING iteratively updates the triggers during the entire distillation procedure. We conduct extensive evaluations on multiple datasets, architectures, and dataset distillation techniques. Empirical evaluation shows that NAIVEATTACK achieves decent attack success rate (ASR) scores in some cases, while DOORPING reaches higher ASR scores (close to 1.0) in all cases. Furthermore, we conduct a comprehensive ablation study to analyze the factors that may affect the attack performance. Finally, we evaluate multiple defense mechanisms against our backdoor attacks and show that our attacks can practically circumvent these defense mechanisms.

Few Shot Instance Segmentation (FSIS) requires models to detect and segment novel classes with limited several support examples. In this work, we explore a simple yet unified solution for FSIS as well as its incremental variants, and introduce a new framework named Reference Twice (RefT) to fully explore the relationship between support/query features based on a Transformer-like framework. Our key insights are two folds: Firstly, with the aid of support masks, we can generate dynamic class centers more appropriately to re-weight query features. Secondly, we find that support object queries have already encoded key factors after base training. In this way, the query features can be enhanced twice from two aspects, i.e., feature-level and instance-level. In particular, we firstly design a mask-based dynamic weighting module to enhance support features and then propose to link object queries for better calibration via cross-attention. After the above steps, the novel classes can be improved significantly over our strong baseline. Additionally, our new framework can be easily extended to incremental FSIS with minor modification. When benchmarking results on the COCO dataset for FSIS, gFSIS, and iFSIS settings, our method achieves a competitive performance compared to existing approaches across different shots, e.g., we boost nAP by noticeable +8.2/+9.4 over the current state-of-the-art FSIS method for 10/30-shot. We further demonstrate the superiority of our approach on Few Shot Object Detection. Code and model will be available.

This paper focuses on designing efficient models with low parameters and FLOPs for dense predictions. Even though CNN-based lightweight methods have achieved stunning results after years of research, trading-off model accuracy and constrained resources still need further improvements. This work rethinks the essential unity of efficient Inverted Residual Block in MobileNetv2 and effective Transformer in ViT, inductively abstracting a general concept of Meta-Mobile Block, and we argue that the specific instantiation is very important to model performance though sharing the same framework. Motivated by this phenomenon, we deduce a simple yet efficient modern \textbf{I}nverted \textbf{R}esidual \textbf{M}obile \textbf{B}lock (iRMB) for mobile applications, which absorbs CNN-like efficiency to model short-distance dependency and Transformer-like dynamic modeling capability to learn long-distance interactions. Furthermore, we design a ResNet-like 4-phase \textbf{E}fficient \textbf{MO}del (EMO) based only on a series of iRMBs for dense applications. Massive experiments on ImageNet-1K, COCO2017, and ADE20K benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of our EMO over state-of-the-art methods, \eg, our EMO-1M/2M/5M achieve 71.5, 75.1, and 78.4 Top-1 that surpass \textbf{SoTA} CNN-/Transformer-based models, while trading-off the model accuracy and efficiency well.

Benefiting from the intrinsic supervision information exploitation capability, contrastive learning has achieved promising performance in the field of deep graph clustering recently. However, we observe that two drawbacks of the positive and negative sample construction mechanisms limit the performance of existing algorithms from further improvement. 1) The quality of positive samples heavily depends on the carefully designed data augmentations, while inappropriate data augmentations would easily lead to the semantic drift and indiscriminative positive samples. 2) The constructed negative samples are not reliable for ignoring important clustering information. To solve these problems, we propose a Cluster-guided Contrastive deep Graph Clustering network (CCGC) by mining the intrinsic supervision information in the high-confidence clustering results. Specifically, instead of conducting complex node or edge perturbation, we construct two views of the graph by designing special Siamese encoders whose weights are not shared between the sibling sub-networks. Then, guided by the high-confidence clustering information, we carefully select and construct the positive samples from the same high-confidence cluster in two views. Moreover, to construct semantic meaningful negative sample pairs, we regard the centers of different high-confidence clusters as negative samples, thus improving the discriminative capability and reliability of the constructed sample pairs. Lastly, we design an objective function to pull close the samples from the same cluster while pushing away those from other clusters by maximizing and minimizing the cross-view cosine similarity between positive and negative samples. Extensive experimental results on six datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of CCGC compared with the existing state-of-the-art algorithms.